Artificial Intelligence and the Transformation of Legal Systems

Abstract

The deployment of artificial intelligence across judicial administration, legal practice, and regulatory enforcement is transforming the institutional infrastructure of legal systems in ways that outpace existing doctrinal categories of accountability, due process, and authorship. This chapter considers the use of algorithmic risk assessment and decision-support tools in adjudication, the challenges of algorithmic opacity and bias for constitutional guarantees of fairness, the contested question of artificial intelligence as an inventor or author under intellectual property law, 
and the emerging global regulatory response exemplified by the European Union's Artificial Intelligence Act. It situates India's own engagement with judicial artificial intelligence tools, including SUPACE and SUVAS, within 
this comparative framework, and argues that legal systems must develop calibrated doctrines of algorithmic accountability that neither uncritically defer to automated systems nor forfeit the efficiency gains such systems can offer.